THE MEDICAL ERA (YET TO BE KNOWN)

1.TRANSPLANTABLE ORGANS:

          Thousands of people die every year due to lack of organs of transplantation. Many more are subjected to accidents with large fractures and injuries or surgical removal of tissues and organs due to cancer.

(a) JUST IMAGINE:

We are now being able to walk into a hospital and have a full organ printed with all the cells, blood vessels and proteins in the right place, simply by pressing the “print” button in computer screen.                                                                     

(b) GREAT CHALLENGE:

Each cell in the body is just a hair’s width. Cells will die out without adequate blood supply because blood supply oxygen necessary for cells to grow. Growing a network of blood vessels and capillaries is the biggest issue.                             

(c)  RESEARCHERS ACHIEVEMENT:

Using a high-tech ‘Bio-Printer’, the researchers fabricated a multitude of interconnected tiny fibres to serve as artificial blood vessels. Then they covered the 3D printed structure with a cell-rich protein based material, which was solidified by applying light to it. Lastly they removed the bio-printed fibres to leave behind a network of tiny channels coated with human endothelial cells, which self organized to form stable blood capillaries in less than a week. 

True regeneration of complex and functional organs is what doctors really want and patients really need.

2.SURGERIES ON UNBORN BABIES:

          A group of Mexican specialists in the fetal medicine have successfully performed over 200 surgeries on unborn babies, inside the womb of the mother. They ensure that this clinical method increases the quality of life and decreases chances of babies born with bad condition.

(a) NEED ARISES:

The teetotal transfusion in twin fetuses implies that they are fighting each other for blood in their body, so an imbalance arises. High-tech equipment (ultrasound) to locate anastomosis, i.e., connections between two structures of both unborn babies, thereby having increased survival to 70 percent in both unborn babies and 90 percent chances in survival of at least one.                                  

(b) ACCORDING TO SPECIALIST:

It has positive effects such as accumulation of knowledge and experience to practice and investigate medicine in unborn babies. Thus unborn baby began to be considered as a patient. The specialist physician said that in order to increase the medical possibilities of foetal medicine, foetal medicine experts Mexico Groups have developed several lines of research on neurological foetal life prediction.

 3.E-CIGARETTES:

          Physicians are increasingly recommending electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) as cessation devices for their patients, but according to a new survey more research needs to be done on their safety. They are recommending e-cigarettes to their patients to help quit smoking.

(a) UNAPPROVED:

Yet, e-cigarettes are not approved by the FDA for smoking cessation. It is clear that physicians should refrain from recommending e-cigarettes until known about their safety. But the physician believed e-cigarettes were safer than smoking standard cigarettes. In a survey it is found that 13 percent are unaware that e-cigarettes are not approved by the FDA. 

(b) ATTITUDE:

 Two thirds (67 percent) of the surveyed physicians indicated e-cigarettes are a helpful aid for smoking cessation and 35 percent recommended them to their patients. 

 4.A PILL FOR OBESITY (WHITE FAT TO BROWN FAT):

          Stem cell scientist have just converted white fat into brown fat. They have created a system using human stem cells to screen for compounds that have the potential to turn white, or "bad," fat cells into brown, or "good," fat cells and have already identified two compounds that can accomplish that in human cells. According to them the person taking them could become immune compromised by targeting the same molecule and that the molecule plays a role in the inflammatory process.

(a)  WHY FAT?

When the body takes in excess energy, it is stored as lipids in white fat cells. When there are too many calories coming in and not enough burned, adult stem cells in the body produce more white fat cells, adding to a person's burden of fat. 

(b) FUNCTION OF BROWN FAT:

White fat cells store energy as lipids and play a role in the development of obesity, type 2 diabetes  and related conditions, including heart disease, while brown fat has been shown in mice to lower triglyceride levels, reduce the insulin resistance associated with type 2 diabetes, and burn white fat.

 5.BRAIN’S EXTENSIVE CAPACITY:

          Researchers tested memory of rats (similar to human) by letting them to run around, they found that there are around 11 rooms. The rooms were alike, but the rats still manage to create a separate, independent memory.

          The researchers also found that these unique representations or firing patterns were stored in the rat’s memory. They also investigated whether these memories overlapped across some rooms, but all of the memories were completely independent. 

6.UNNAMED GLASS TO SEE CANCER:

          High-tech glasses may help surgeons visualize cancer cells, which glow blue when viewed through the eyewear. The wearable technology, so new it's yet unnamed.

CANCER CELLS:

Cancer cells are notoriously difficult to see, even under high-powered magnification. The glasses are designed to make it easier for surgeons to distinguish cancer cells from healthy cells, helping to ensure that no stray tumor cells are left behind during surgery. The glasses could reduce the need for additional surgical procedures and subsequent stress on patients, as well as time and expense. 

TURE FACT:

          The good news/bad news is that science is slow. Just establishing proof of concept takes an enormous amount of time. A decade of hard basic scientific work is paying off.